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Nutsedge

Cyperus esculentus and Cyperus rotundus
Updated Apr 04, 2024
 
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Make a Positive Identification

  • Nutsedges are weeds in yards, gardens and agriculture.
  • Nutsedge leaves are stiffer than lawn grass, and arranged in sets of three. They grow from a triangular base.
  • Nutsedge spreads aggressively by underground tubers, and sometimes by seed.
  • Seedlings and sprouts from tubers look similar to the mature plant.
Yellow Nutsedge
Species: Yellow nutsedge
Yellow nutsedge leaves

Ohio State Weed Lab, The Ohio State University, Bugwood.org

Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) leaves are light green. Narrow leaves grow up to 12 inches long and have pointed tips as shown in the photo. Stems grow up to 3 feet tall from a triangular base.

Species: Yellow nutsedge
Yellow nutsedge flowers

John Cardina, The Ohio State University, Bugwood.org

Yellow nutsedge flowers (spikelets) and seeds are light brown to golden.

Species: Yellow Nutsedge
Nutsedge tubers and rhizomes  

Howard F. Schwartz, Colorado State University, Bugwood.org

Mature yellow nutsedge tubers are up to ½ inch wide, round, smooth and brown-black. A single tuber forms at the end of a rhizome. The tubers taste like almonds.

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Purple Nutsedge
Species: Purple Nutsedge
Purple nutsedge purplish base of leaves

Rebekah D. Wallace, University of Georgia, Bugwood.org

Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) leaves are dark green with rounded tips. They grow 2 - 6 inches long. Stems grow up to 1 - 2 feet tall from a triangular base.

Species: Purple Nutsedge
Purple nutsedge flower

James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org

Purple nutsedge flowers (spikelets) are red to purple. The seeds are dark brown or black.

Species: Purple nutsedge
Washed purple nutsedge roots and tuber

Mature purple nutsedge tubers are up to 1 inch wide with red-brown scales. The tubers grow in groups on a single rhizome. The tubers taste bitter.

Free help Identifying Weeds, Insects & Pests
Get expert pest management info & advice online from OSU's Ask Extension.
Get Help
LOOK-ALIKES: OTHER NUTSEDGE SPECIES
Species: Other Nutsedge Species

There are several other weedy and many native species of nutsedge in North America.

It takes a special identification key and training to tell the species apart.

Control methods for all nutsedge species are the same.

Your local Extension Specialist in Oregon  and other states  can help you identify plants on your property.

 
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Nutsedge Benefits

  • Yellow and purple nutsedge tubers are edible.
  • Cultures around the world use them as a food source.
  • Hogs dig and eat the tubers.
Only eat wild edible plants you correctly identify. Only eat nutsedge tubers from your own property. Don’t eat nutsedge tubers that have been sprayed with chemicals or growing on roadsides.
 

Nutsedge Risks

  • Nutsedges form a dense mat of stems and leaves if left un-managed.
  • They exclude other garden and landscape plants.
  • They become a nuisance in lawns by replacing grass.
Risk Card
Does it cause harm?
Adults & Children
Low
Property
Some
Pets
None
Annoyance
High
Environment
Some
Action Recommended

NEED HELP?

Consider a licensed pest control company. Learn How to Hire a Pest Control Company.
Your local Extension Specialist in Oregon  and other states  can suggest other methods.

Content provided by editor Weston Miller and writer J. Jeremiah Mann. Pesticide safety information edited by Kaci Buhl.

 Peer reviewed by OSU Department of Horticulture.

Photo of Weston Miller

Weston Miller

Project Founder and Content Writer

Weston Miller served as Community and Urban Horticulture faculty for Oregon State University Extension Service for Clackamas, Multnomah, and Washington Counties. Weston is an author for content for this website. He developed funding partnerships with Portland area agencies to initiate and build out the Solve Pest Problems website focused on this goals:

J. Jeremiah Mann

J. Jeremiah Mann

J. Jeremiah Mann completed a Physical Science undergraduate degree at Humboldt State University, and M.S, Ph.D focusing on plant science topics at UC Davis. He went on to work for the Natural Resources Conservation Service and in a leadership position serving a private agricultural technology company. He currently lives in Sacramento California where he consults on pest and property management topics.

Photo of Kaci Buhl

Kaci Buhl

At the state level, I lead the Pesticide Safety Education Program (PSEP). The program hosts live recertification events around the state, serving over 1,000 licensed pesticide applicators each year. We also produce web-based training modules and license-preparation study manuals. Special training for unlicensed pesticide applicators is also available through a grant from the USDA Specialty Crop Block Grant Program. The PSEP at OSU works closely with the Oregon Department of Agriculture's Pesticides Division.

Nutsedge (Cyperus spp.)
University of California IPM


Nutsedge Control
University of California IPM


Yellow Nutsedge
Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board


Purple Nutsedge
Washington State Noxious Weed Control Board

Yellow Nutsedge
Oregon State University Dept. of Agriculture